En 2016, la OMS recomienda que todas las madres que viven con el VIH reciban terapia antirretroviral (TAR) de por vida para apoyar su salud y garantizar el bienestar de sus bebés.

La OMS publicó directrices en julio de 2016 en las que aconsejó que, en los países que han optado por promover y apoyar la lactancia materna junto con el TAR, las madres que viven con el VIH que están en TAR y se adhieren a la terapia deben amamantar exclusivamente durante los primeros 6 meses y luego agregar alimentación complementaria hasta 12 meses de edad. La lactancia materna con alimentación complementaria puede continuar hasta los 24 meses de edad o más.

A los 6 meses después del nacimiento los bebés que se habían destetado o que nunca mamaron tuvieron un riesgo 7 veces mayor de fallecer que los que fueron amamantados aún en el contexto donde se ajustaron las condiciones para reducir los riesgos asociados con la alimentación de reemplazo.

Referencias

Olivares Yanet, Saiz Miguel Diagnóstico Situacional: Mensajes y Prácticas de Alimentación de Hijos/as de Madres Viviendo con VIH/SIDA, Santo Domingo: DO: Liga de la Leche Rep.Dominicana, Fondo de las naciones Unidas para la Infancia (UNICEF), 2005

En inglés

Adegbehingbe SM, Paul-Ebhohimhen VA, Marais D. Development of an AFASS assessment and screening tool towards prevention of Mother-To-Child HIV transmission in Sub-Saharan Africa- A Delphi Survey. BMC Public Health. 2012 Jun 6;12(1):402. [Epub ahead of print]

Alvarez-Uria G, Midde M, Pakam R, Bachu L, Naik PK. Effect of Formula Feeding and Breastfeeding on Child Growth, Infant Mortality, and HIV Transmission in Children Born to HIV-Infected Pregnant Women Who Received Triple Antiretroviral Therapy in a Resource-Limited Setting: Data from an HIV Cohort Study in India. ISRN Pediatr. 2012:763591. Epub 2012 Jun 3

AnotherLook at breastfeeding and HIV/AIDS Website

Bloemen S. In a major policy shift, mothers in South Africa are encouraged to exclusively breastfeed instead of using formula. UNICEF 2012

Bode L. [Researchers discover a unique human milk oligosaccharide]. [Article in German] Kinderkrankenschwester. 2012 May;31(5):214. Article based on this research: Human milk oligosaccharides may reduce risk of mother-to-child HIV transmission. News-Medical.Net August 16, 2012

Breastfeeding & HIV Breastfeeding Gateway Website

Cournil, Amandine a; De Vincenzi, Isabelle b; Gaillard, Philippe b; Cames, Cecile a; Fao, Paulin c; Luchters, Stanley d; Rollins, Nigel e; Newell, Marie-Louise f; Bork, Kirsten a; Read, Jennifer S. g Relationship between mortality and feeding modality among children born to HIV-infected mothers in a research setting: The Kesho Bora Study AIDS Official Journal of the International AIDS Society 19 December 2012

Crowe D. The AIDS War on Breastfeeding Mothering April, 2012

Crowe D Infectious HIV in Breastmilk: True or False? AnotherLook 2001

Crowe D, Kent G, Morrison P, Greiner T Commentary: Revisiting the Risk of HIV Infection from Breastfeeding AnotherLook December, 2006

Doherty T, Sanders D, Jackson D, Swanevelder S, Lombard C, Zembe W, Chopra M, Goga A, Colvin M, Fadnes LT, Engebretsen IM, Ekström EC, Tylleskar T. Early cessation of breastfeeding amongst women in South Africa: an area needing urgent attention to improve child health. BMC Pediatr. 2012 Jul 24;12(1):105. [Epub ahead of print]

Greiner T The difficulty in coping with policy change for HIV and infant feeding counselors WABA Mother Support Task Force E-Newsletter, Vol 7(2), May-August 2009

Guidelines on HIV and Infant Feeding. World Health Organization, 2010

GUIDELINE Updates on HIV and infant feeding, 2016

Health Care Practices and Research HIV & Breastfeeding, WABA

Kent G, Crowe D Infant Feeding and Hiv: The Importance of Language in Shaping Policy AnotherLook October 14th, 2002

Liles, C Choice – HIV/AIDS and Infant Feeding AnotherLook 2001

McClain, V Patents, Breastfeeding, and HIV AnotherLook 2001

Morrison P. A word of warning about formula-feeding for HIV-exposed babies. WABALink Issue 43, Jan-Mar 2007

Morrison P, Breastmilk costs peanuts! AnotherLook December 2009

Morrison P. HIV and Infant Feeding Policy comes full circle 2006 – 2011, AnotherLook August 16, 2011

Morrison P. Increasing babies’ HIV-free survival. Is formula-feeding the solution? WABA World AIDS Day Statement, 1 December 2006

Morrison P. Pasteurization of breastmilk, WABALink Issue 39, Nov 2005 – Feb 2006

Morrison P, Taking another look at policy on HIV and infant feeding, 1985 – 2008, AnotherLook 26 March, 2009

Musa J Withholding breast milk for HIV exposed infants in sub-Saharan Africa: benefit or harm? Afr Health Sci. 2011 December; 11(4): 602–604.

Sasser  BW Is Live, Infectious HIV in Milk of HIV Positive Mothers? AnotherLook, February 7, 2011

Stromberg, J Discovered: A Natural Protein in Breast Milk That Fights HIV SMITHSONIAN, October 21, 2013

Torpey K, Mandala J, Kasonde P, Bryan-Mofya G, Bweupe M, Mukundu J, Zimba C, Mwale C, Lumano H, Welsh M. Analysis of HIV Early Infant Diagnosis Data to Estimate Rates of Perinatal HIV Transmission in Zambia. PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e42859. Epub 2012 Aug 17.

Young SL, Mbuya MN, Chantry CJ, Geubbels EP, Israel-Ballard K, Cohan D, Vosti SA, Latham MC. Current knowledge and future research on infant feeding in the context of HIV: basic, clinical, behavioral, and programmatic perspectives. Adv Nutr. 2011 May;2(3):225-43. Epub 2011 Apr 30.